Linux服务器安装MySQL 8.0配置教程

yum remove -y mariadb*  # CentOS
apt remove -y mariadb*  # Ubuntu

yum install -y https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
yum install -y mysql-community-server
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.29-1_all.deb
dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.29-1_all.deb
apt update
apt install -y mysql-server
systemctl start mysql
systemctl enable mysql

# 查看临时密码（CentOS）
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

# 登录并修改密码
mysql -u root -p
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewStrongPassword123!';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 安全配置向导
mysql_secure_installation

CREATE DATABASE mydb CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
CREATE USER 'myuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'UserPassword123!';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mydb.* TO 'myuser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 修改配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
bind-address = 0.0.0.0

# 重启MySQL
systemctl restart mysqld

# 放行防火墙端口
firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent --reload  # CentOS
ufw allow 3306/tcp  # Ubuntu

# 主库配置 - my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id = 1
log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
binlog_do_db = mydatabase

# 从库复制设置
CHANGE MASTER TO
    MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.100',
    MASTER_USER='replica',
    MASTER_PASSWORD='password',
    MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
    MASTER_LOG_POS=0;
START SLAVE;